Map of the HOTRAX transect of the Arctic Ocean in 2005. The red line marks the path of the U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Healy, and the white line the path of the Swedish icebreaker Oden. Yellow stars mark the sites where sediment cores were taken from the bottom of the ocean. Image courtesy of Ohio State University.

The Russian nuclear icebreaker 50 let Pobedy (right) cuts a path through the Arctic ice for the Swedish icebreaker Oden (left) during the 2007 LOMROG expedition. Image courtesy of Ohio State University.
Leonid Polyak, a research scientist at Byrd Polar Research Center at Ohio State University, holds a stone drawn from an Arctic Ocean sediment core. Image courtesy of Ohio State University.
Sonar image of the Arctic Ocean Floor, showing a wavy surface caused by water currents. Image Courtesy of Ohio State University.

Sonar image of the Arctic Ocean floor, showing parallel ridges carved by long-ago glaciers. Image Courtesy of Ohio State University.

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